Speech To Focus On Plans To Help Essays - Rodham Family,

Speech to focus on plans to help children, poor January 19, 1999 BY JUDITH HAVEMANN AND WALTER PINCUS WASHINGTON POST WASHINGTON--President Clinton will propose in his State of the Union address tonight a $1 billion expansion of the federal government's efforts to help the nation's most disadvantaged families move from welfare to work, White House officials said Monday. The officials said the initiative will help about 200,000 welfare families get jobs. ``Despite the enormous progress we have made in the last few years in moving people from welfare to work, we need to make an extra effort for the people still on the rolls because they will be the hardest to place,'' said presidential adviser Bruce Reed. The initiative is aimed at increasing employment of low-income, absent fathers of children on welfare, so they can pay child support and get involved in their children's lives. Many of these fathers have prison records, and only 30 percent have held a job in the past year, according to a recent study. Only about 10 percent to 15 percent of children on public assistance receive any formal child support from their absent parent. Clinton also plans to propose a tax credit of up to $500 per child, age 1 or younger, to offset costs for parents who choose to stay home to care for their kids. The proposal is part of a larger child care package that seeks $18 billion over five years to aid working poor and middle-class families. The administration also will propose $1 billion over five years to improve health care for many of the nation's 32 million uninsured adults. The money would be used to encourage community clinics and hospitals to work together to keep track of patients and make sure they get needed treatment. Scheduled for delivery in the House chamber at 8 p.m. Chicago time, shortly after his lawyers wrap up their first day of arguments in the Senate impeachment trial, Clinton's speech will not include a single mention of the word impeachment, aides said. The president insisted on going ahead with his speech, despite its awkward timing, to demonstrate that he is conducting business as usual even as the Senate considers whether to remove him from office. Among other domestic and foreign policy proposals previewed Monday by White House officials were: * An initiative to bring greater accountability to state and local school systems. Clinton will offer a five-point plan to hold schools accountable for the $20 billion in federal educational spending they receive. The plan would reward districts that make sure teachers are qualified in the subjects they are assigned to teach, enforce classroom discipline, intervene to help low-performing schools, end social promotion of students who have not mastered the material taught during the year and issue ``report cards'' to parents on issues such as class size, teacher qualifications and student scores. * A near doubling--to $4.2 billion--over the next five years of the U.S. program helping to dismantle Russia's aging nuclear and biological weapons, protect facilities holding nuclear materials and create nonmilitary research projects for Moscow's former weapons builders.

Off Campus Lunches Essay Example

Off Campus Lunches Essay Example Off Campus Lunches Paper Off Campus Lunches Paper Open Campus Lunches Being a teenager is a great time. You start to gain certain freedoms that you were not able to enjoy when you were younger. Responsibility Is an Inevitable part of growing up. Although it may not be a necessity, eating lunch off campus Is not an option that our school offers, which Isnt fair to the students. In fact, only 1 In every 3 high school campuses are allowed to eat lunch off school grounds. In previous years students eve been given the opportunity to leave during their lunch hours. The chance to do this was revoked after the students were being Irresponsible with their time and violating school rules. Students In our class and classes below us should not be punished for the mistakes that the students before us made and should be given the opportunity to make decisions for themselves. Being able to leave the school during lunch hours is a privilege, but not all students are able to make smart decisions when given privileges. Administrators were unable to control what students could do once hey left the school property, which led to students taking part in illegal activities off school campus. Of course not all students were guilty of breaking the rules,which is why it is difficult for administrators to attempt to make a choice that is justifiable for everyone. Although I do not agree with the decision of the administrators who have taken away campus lunches, they also have their reasons for having doubts on letting students leave. With obesity rates being at an all time high in the United States, school administrators are debating on whether the students are able to make the lethal choices they need. Government officials are making low calorie diets mandatory in K-12 schools across the country. With obesity rates at 35. 7%, the medical costs are also at an all time high. The United States spent 147 billion dollars in 2008 on medical expenses related to obesity. The school has no way to control the nutritious value of the food that the students will be consuming. The government has begun putting strict restrictions on the nutritional value of the food students are eating, and with good reason. The average obese adult tends to spend $1,429 more on average on medical expenses alone. School meals are based on a low calorie diet In an attempt to lower the obesity rates. But the attempt to provide healthier lunches Is ruined when students are heading to their favorite fast food restaurant In order to save money and be back In time for class. The solution to finding a way to make sure that children are responsible enough to leave campus for lunch Is having them prove themselves throughout their high school career. I feel that open campus lunches would only be available to Juniors and seniors who have met certain requirements. Our school offers the black and orange cards, which gives students certain freedoms by meeting certain requirements through academics and attendance. The solution woo a De salary to tens program, except It would only De available to upperclassman. The requirements would have to include a good discipline history and a good attendance. This would help filter out the kids who would be abusing their privileges by not returning after they leave or partaking in illegal activities. By making sure that the responsible students are the ones who have the freedom, you would be protecting the students who have worked for the opportunity to have options at lunch. As for the health factor, students need to be in some sort of a physical education class, like most schools do. Lowering the obesity rate is not going to happen quickly, but there are preventative measures that we can take to help out our upcoming generations. I feel that keeping the country healthy is important but there should not be major restrictions to keep you from your freedoms. Teachers always say that they work to help prepare us for the real world. Well in the real world you have the ability to make your own choices, which makes giving us the responsibility to make our own decision a more helpful solution to preparing us for the real world. All in all, there are so many factors in the debate over open campus lunches that it is impossible to be able to be able to make one final choice, which is why high schools are so divided over the topic. In any situation there are going to be students who will e irresponsible with their privileges.

Centre And Then Compare Their Efficiency Essay -- Variable cost, Costs,

ï‚ § Market based transfer pricing – In this case Country A charges Country B according to the market price. Therefore, the manager’s performance is comparable as both have opportunity to make profit. ï‚ § Negotiated Transfer Pricing – Here the prices are negotiated, keeping profit margin for each of them. In this case they are also comparable. ï‚ § Full cost transfer pricing – In this case, the suppliers do not keep profit for their division, instead full cost is transferred to another department and the final profit is made by the last department. Thus, the profit centres are not comparable to each other. ï‚ § International transfer pricing – Since we know they trade among each other across borders also, they also need to be aware of taxation rates, currency rates, transportation costs and local suppliers in different countries in order to set prices. Here, each portfolio cannot be compared based on profit margins. c) Improves efficiency and speed of decision making: As the profit centre managers have authority to decide on their suppliers, customers, selling prices, etc, they have the opportunity to perform tasks at a faster pace and increased efficiency. d) No risk of reduced profitability: Revenue centre managers are only responsible for generating sales, and they do it at the cost of reduced profitability, but profit centre managers generate revenue making sure profits are earned. 6.2 Now let us discuss the Drawbacks of the profit centre managers: a) Unable to make capital investments: Profit centre managers are not authorized to make investment decisions; resulting in loosing opportunity to make profitable investment in specif... ... middle of paper ... ... 20 Unit variable cost of buying 7 15 20 24 (4) 1 3 4 Annual requirements (units) 3000 4000 5000 6000 So, Extra Variable Cost of Buying (12000) 4000 15000 24000 Fixed Cost of Buying 1000 2000 3000 4000 Extra total cost of buying (13000) 2000 12000 20000 Assuming that fixed cost will remain constant whether or not the company buys or makes the products, the relevant cost of manufacture will be considered the variable cost. In this circumstance, the company should only buy products if the

Discuss several (at least 3) recent methods of appraising employees Research Paper

Discuss several (at least 3) recent methods of appraising employees used at specific companies and organizations. Comment on the pros and cons of each - Research Paper Example The abilities, capabilities, talents and skills differ from one employee to the other. There is constantly some difference between the quality and quantity in the same work done by two different individuals. Performance appraisal has been defined as the process of recognizing, evaluating and increasing the work performance of employees in the organization, in order to efficiently achieve the goals and objectives of the organization. Performance appraisal is needed to appraise the performance of employees along with the organization to verify the development towards its preferred objectives and goals.   â€Å"It is a vital component in recruiting and hiring employees where it is used to validate selection procedures† (Grote pg 8). Performance appraisal is considered highly crucial both by educational as well as practicing managers, as it is one of the most important human resource tools. Performance appraisal is a helpful tool in determining the provision of rewards such as higher wage or promotion, to the employees on the basis of their performance. It is a type of feedback given to the employees by the employer. Following are some of the methods of performance appraisal adopted by different companies. In this method, performance of an employee is compared with that of others, who are doing the same type of job. Performances are evaluated graphically and the employees are ranked in the range of top to worst for every performance. â€Å"It may also be done by ranking a person on his job performance against another member of the competitive group† (Performance Appraisal Tools and Techniques para 1). This method is considered to be beneficial for selecting the best performer among the top performers. For example, companies such as Microsoft in US use a ranking method, so that some employees, no matter what the circumstances, must be rated in the bottom 10%. Ford and

Research Design Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Design - Research Paper Example This study design is of great importance since it informs policy formulation and implementation strategies and avoids wastage of resources in starting interventions that would not change the state of the population. In the case of HBP the study type would inform the researcher whether the access to a health facility and follow-up are the major causes and therefore policies and interventions to address the same can be put in place to ensure that the interventions are most effective and do not use a lot of resources. HBP management has proven to be technical and requires behavior changes, good diet, along with a regimen of antihypertensive medications that require medical follow-up. Therefore the black men in urban areas have poor access to health services and do not seek care or remain in treatment and this is considered as a great factor in the rate of disability and death in this population. This study design is important in this particular scenario since in order to understand if the factors expressed are the real cause, one half of the population be exposed to the factors and the other not and then assessed over a period of time in order to determine whether the factors have an effect on HBP management. A cohort study is a type of study design which is used widely in cases where the researcher aims at reaching persons with particular similarities. There are different cohorts that can be described in terms of age or condition being suffered from. Most cohorts are attributed by age and therefore age has been the most common dividing factor in cohort studies. It has been expressed widely in this study where Dr Jemmott focuses on reducing risky sexual behavior, primarily among minority adolescents. This clearly illustrates that the target population of the study are the adolescents who are the cohort in this case. The use of cohort study design is important in ensuring that the target population is actually captured

The Internet revolution Essay Example for Free

The Internet revolution Essay The economics of information in the 1990s permanently altered the traditional linear supply chain of sources, manufactures, distributors, retailers, and customers via the Web (Pyne 2000, p1). With the emergence of the internet over the past fifteen years, the supply chains for e-retailers have evolved in a similar fashion to the industrial revolution. Unlike traditional brick and mortar retailers, e-retailers supply chains include the front-end interaction, the consumers themselves (Cucuzza and Cherian, 2001). Therefore, it is essential that e-retailers ensure a smooth integration of information between the front-end users and the back-end support functions. To be successful, e-retailers need to provide an efficient marketing strategy to understand the customer buying requirements, and to be able to address them. The role of technology has allowed e-retailers the ability to collect and analyze personal trends of their consumers, although at a possible personal infringement of their cliental. In addition, as superb the front-end model may be, many companies fail today due to insufficiently integrating and ensuring a back-end support function is in place to provide efficient and timely delivery to consumers. This paper will address the e-retailer supply chain addressing both spectrums the consumer relationship management and the supply chain management. Moreover, this paper will also draw upon various companies strategic internet successes as examples. The Beginnings of the Internet Revolution Similar to the Industrial Revolution, where growth was predominately spurred by standardized mechanical interfaces, breaking down procedures into many mini-procedures (Fordism), the Internet Revolution is being stimulated by the standardization of interchangeable business processes (Cucuzza and Cherian 2001, p. 3). The interchangeable business processes are the digital interfaces between e-business tools and the internet. These tools are derived from the improvements in technology, from the storage of digital data to digital information (Cucuzza and Cherian 2001). E-Business. The buzzword E-business has emerged as a new strategic initiative for companies to pursue. E-business can be defined as buying and selling over digital media, and includes both front- and back-office applications to maximize customer value (Kalakota 1999, p4). With increased pressures on companies to perform and ensure quarterly growth, senior management has implemented numerous past initiatives including downsizing, re-organizing, and re-engineered processes to cut costs. Utilizing the benefits of technology to exploit the power of e-business allows for senior management to transform the existing business models. As popular as the internet medium has become for on-line shopping for consumers it is not a perfect system. Consumers are unable to touch, smell, or try on products. They may not be able to determine the quality of products, or how some products may compliment others (for example, ensuring the correct speakers are used for a specific amplifier). Although e-retailers do provide quality reports and analysis, it is not the same as experiencing the sound itself. In addition, payments are electronic and have been prone to security flaws, and the delivery of the goods has been cumbersome at times. These difficulties have become a norm for many e-retailers to develop a sustainable business, however with the use of technology they have been able to create advantages that may not be found within the norms of traditional shopping. Marketing of E-retailers On-line shopping has numerous benefits to the consumers, it reduces time and is more convenient to shop from the luxury of your own home, and provides the consumer with the ability to compare prices, products, and availability. However, although this constitutes an opportunity for retailers, it is also a challenge. The critical success factors include i.) use of customer databases; ii. ) easy ordering and; iii. ) quick delivery (Agrawal, Singh, p. 1538). With the notion that buying on-line is convenient, consumers expect e-retailer websites to be very useful and efficient. With the usage of technology, E-retailers have developed websites that are very informative, and easy to use. E-retailers provide information about the product, quality reports, customer reviews, comparison to substitutes, shipping rates and schedules. All the information is at the click of a button, 24 hours a day. The technology has provided the websites to be more interactive, and with better visuals. It is essential that e-retailers provide additional services including a shopping basket for consumers to keep track of goods that have been selected, and a search engine which allows the consumer to search the website quickly without going through many different internet pages. Moreover, a safe and efficient payment system is required that has data integrity. This system is known as the e-commerce paradox. E-commerce firms must be open and closed at the same time (Awad, 2004). They must be able to share information with suppliers, business to business (B2B), and with business to customers (B2C). E-retailers security includes firewalls, passwords and log-ins, and virtual private networks, as well as intrusion devices (Awad 2004, p. 405). Technology has introduced a honeypot system, which is designed to showcase an artificial environment that lure attackers into thinking they have gained access, giving time for authorities to potentially track down the intruder (Awad 2004, p. 403). Another important aspect for e-retailers to increase the likelihood of consumers purchasing on-line from their websites is Customer Relationship Management. The first step is for e-retailers to develop a strategy that will allow e-retailers to properly promote to their target market, and allow them to focus on customer requirements. However, understanding your customer needs has taken on a new avenue with advancements in technological software. Technology gains have also been demonstrated in the marketing techniques of e-retailing. The concept of buying on-line is still relatively new, and many consumers are still hesitant of it. There is nothing to stop a consumer to research on-line, and then purchase the product at an actual outlet. Research has demonstrated that brand loyalty and price elasticity are less important compared to bricks and mortar shopping as consumers are exposed to a lot of information and therefore they usually look for the best value (Agrawal and Singh, p. 1549). In many instances, a person may abandon her shopping cart in the middle of the checkout process, but for reasons unknown. Forrester Research estimates that 82% of e-retailers depend on consumers to hit the links to their websites and page view to manage the success of their websites, however only 2% of the visitors will actually purchase online (Ismretail 2002, p3). With this in mind, online intelligence has become a technical advancement to achieve. Click-stream technology allows e-retailers to ability to understand abandonment and provide them with the information to react accordingly. By analyzing clickstream data a trail of mouse clicks left by a user who visits a website a retailer can make use of details such as the number of users, where they come from, which pages are visited, the order in which they visited them, how much time was spent on each page, and where they went after your site (Ismretail 2002, p3). This information used properly can assist e-retailers in determining trends of their customers, their similar likes and dislikes, and where their websites can be improved. The information gathered can even determine if the consumer chose to go to a competitor site, and compare prices. This data allows the e-retailer to market accordingly to each individual customer. On Amazon, when an individual purchases a book the company will then analyze the purchase with other recent purchases and then promote other books that may be of interest. This is very similar to the movie Minority Report starring Tom Cruise which is set in the year 2054. There is a scene in the film that shows Cruise walking through a shopping concourse is bombarded with personal advertisements based on marketers analysis on Tom Cruises role individuality. With new technology developed over the past few years (i. e. Clickstream software), consumers will be more closely watched by sites and receiving personalized pitches based on past browsing behavior (Stone 2004, p2). This may stimulate increased purchases, and higher sales for the e-retailer, but could be looked at an infringement on the privacy of consumers. Websites now include Meta data and extensible markup language (XML), which are standards for tagging data on web searches. Although, this may be a positive factor for e-retailers to analyze consumer behavior on an individual basis, the ethical side to this comes in to question. When is it crossing the line on consumers rights? Web analytic companies are now increasingly offering their services from $30,000 to over a $100,000 a year (Stone 2004, p2). More recently, Sportsline. com has used a web analytical company to identify customers dropping out of an American football fantasy pool, which enabled Sportsline to address and improve its processes that led to an increased number of paying customers (Stone 2004, p2). Moreover, technology has led firms such as Atomz to offer advance search engines for e-retailers to attach special promotions to the searched item. PalmOne has recently used this service which has converted the number of searchers to buyers by over 60% (Stone 2004, p2). With the immense competition e-retailers face, other global websites, and the traditional brick and mortar stores, it is important that they cater to their customer needs. The traditional statement that location is everything has little value in e-retailing as all websites have equal distance to their consumers. It is therefore essential that e-retailers seek means to ensure customers return to their websites. The key factors are efficiency, personalization, socialization, and the look and feel of the site (Agrawal and Singh, p. 1537). Although, this may indicate that they may infringe on consumer privacy rights, they have used technology to their benefit to obtain information that is beneficial in making strategic decisions. However, having a strong front-end website does not guarantee success. Once the consumer initiates the first step by purchasing a product, the actual delivery of goods becomes just as important in the supply chain. Back-end System Support Once the e-retailer obtains a client, it is essential that they provide an efficient back-end system that will ensure availability, workable ordering website, and delivery on-time. Accenture international research has indicated that 1 in 4 internet purchases fail due to various reasons (Agrawal and Singh, p. 1549). In the traditional avenue of shopping, many consumers will not go back to a store if the ability to purchase items fails 25% of the time. Accenture has also stated that one of the most common reasons for this failure include that items are usually out of stock, which indicates that the front-end systems are not connected to the back-end support systems (Agrawal and Singh, p. 1549). A seamless integration of all systems, for example, implementing an Enterprise Resource System is required. This integration will allow the e-retailers to advise if the product is in stock, the expected delivery date, and substitute and compliment product availability. Moreover, systems that connect with vendors will advise the e-retailers if the products are in back-order, different characteristics of the product (size and colour) and delivery time. This connection of all information systems now provides the capability to consumers to select from a menu of shipping rates and schedules, and then be able to track the fulfillment of the order in real time. Digital Deconstruction processes have accelerated in that by creating digital interfaces between processes, companies can automate these processes to achieve scale efficiencies unattainable in the past (Cucuzza and Cherian 2001, p. 2). Studies have shown that when customers and vendors share a single system, and orders are entered once, a 75% to 90% reduction in transaction costs occur utilizing a web-based catalog. The different processes include: Preparation of purchasing requirements   Identification of potential suppliers Deliverables specification, volumes, price, delivery, transportation   Fulfillment   Receiving and holding supplies   Relationship building with suppliers (Groucutt and Griseri 2004, p180). The use of technology to improve the efficiency of the supply chain, and ensure customer satisfaction can be demonstrated using company examples. Roundpeak Although the company no longer exists, it was one of the first online retailers who used technology to manage its physical and virtual supply chain. It had partnerships with manufacturers across four countries, air cargo companies, and with warehouse, fulfillment and delivery operators. The numerous B2B partners created a need for Roundpeak to ensure that the various departments in the supply chain communicated accordingly. An online order was instantly fed to the fulfillment house, a packaging and inventory control center, and into a warehousing, inventory, and delivery data system that was accessed by all members of the supply chain. If a customer orders a product, a request to the manufacturer goes out electronically. Once it receives the goods from the manufacturer, a digital signature is sent to authorize receipt, which allows the purchase order and receipt to be matched digitally. The purchase order would then instantly be fed into the accounts payable system where funds are transferred at once. This system was known as the Electronic Bill Presentment and Payment system (EBPP). The benefits included streamlining relationships with suppliers and eliminating redundancies by inputting completed once by the consumer. (Case study developed by Pyne 2000).

Napster :: essays research papers

The program, and later company, named Napster, has brought about a historical debate concerning copyright law and the Internet. Napster’s is a free Internet music file-sharing program that allows users to quickly and easily swap files with one another directly, without the use of a centralized file server. Its software aims to make finding MP3 files easier on the Internet. No files are actually hosted on Napster servers as Napster provides access to music files on others' computers. This system of computers is called peer-to-peer networking. In addition to its search features, Napster contains three major components: 1) A chat program that allows users to chat with each other in rooms based on music genre. 2) An audio player that plays MP3 files from right inside Napster in the event that users do not have an external player or prefer not to use one. 3) A tracking program that allows users to keep track of their favorite MP3 libraries for later browsing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Napster was the brainchild of, at the time, nineteen-year-old college student, Shawn Fanning, at Northeastern University in Boston. Throughout his life, Fanning had two loves: one was sports and the other was computers. Over time his curiosity for computers grew and sports became less important, concentrating most of his time working with computers, primarily focusing on two aspects of the computer, programming and the Internet. During his freshman year at Northeastern University, in 1998, Fanning was trying to enter computer science classes higher than the entry level (Jones, 2001, 1A). Not finding anything challenging about the courses he was enrolled in, Fanning decided to start writing a Windows based program in his spare time. He spent most of his time in chat rooms talking with experienced computer networking programmers. Fanning thought-up the general idea of, what is now known as, Napster from his roommate who loved music files, most commonly known as MP3à ¢â‚¬â„¢s, but was frustrated with most music sites which had limited music files available and detested having to endlessly search website’s looking for particular songs. Fanning, keeping his roommate’s frustrations in mind, and his programming skills at hand, began writing Napster. He used the idea of all users being connected to one central computer server, and having access to each other’s music files that users wished to share (â€Å"MTV News,† 2000, 1). In other words, â€Å"Napster makes its application software freely available for download by consumers from its website.